烘豆,烘焙發展不足的成因與探討。 - 咖啡討論
By Belly
at 2023-06-27T18:14
at 2023-06-27T18:14
Table of Contents
上個月出了一些露西水洗,結果哀鴻遍野。
有人手磨磨不動,也有電磨卡住、燒保險絲。
回歸到我烘豆追求的目標,有熟、不苦、不澀。
烘完隔天杯測的時候,上述三項都有達成。
但是豆子很硬是事實,有科學精神的朋友提供了一些線索。
https://imgur.com/uHs9pHZ.jpg
https://imgur.com/Zci6UTY.jpg
都是露西藝伎水洗,
最右邊那顆是我烘的,其他兩顆是其它兩位賣家烘的。
看起來我烘的顏色最淺,因此判斷是發展期(DTR)太短。
後來再烘一鍋實驗,單純拉長發展期到12%。
https://imgur.com/jvLFOPx.jpg
原本的參數是DTR 8~10%左右,下稱鑽石露西。
https://imgur.com/knvkdNR.jpg
由下圖可以看出來,左邊是原本參數,右邊拉長DTR,顏色變深。
https://imgur.com/d36Jh5o.jpg
拉長DTR手磨還是滿硬的,但是風味比較像咖啡。
我自己則是比較喜歡左邊的風味,比較不像咖啡。
拉長DTR那一鍋,雖然整體烘焙時間只有五分多鐘,但還是比較黑。
ps:上面說的發展期DTR,跟下面說的烘焙發展,是完全不同的兩件事。
DTR指的是一爆之後到下豆的這段時間,占整體烘焙時間的比例。
舉例來說,從入豆到下豆是10分鐘,烘到第8分鐘的時候一爆,DTR為20%。
拉長DTR並未明顯克服豆子很硬的問題,
上網爬文也找不到答案,可能下錯關鍵字,也可能是烘豆相關文章本來就很少。
只好翻書,在Scott Rao的第二本烘豆書找到線索。
https://imgur.com/o8JffLw.jpg
雖然只有短短一頁的篇幅,但描述的狀況很類似。
Scott認為解方是「拉長整體烘焙時間」。
也有在全息烘焙法這本書中,找到相關段落。
https://imgur.com/GfrfTvR.jpg
後來略為拉長整體烘焙時間到七分鐘,DTR 10%。
https://imgur.com/bX81E4x.jpg
手磨確實有比較軟一點,就把樣品寄出給購買鑽石露西的朋友比較。
得到的回饋是,硬度確實是有改善,但比較喜歡鑽石露西的風味 #MeToo。
為什麼整體烘焙時間6:30跟7:15,豆子的體積跟硬度會有能感受到的差異?
烘焙發展不足(underdeveloped)也被認為是一種烘焙瑕疵。
它確實有豆子很硬,而且很難萃取的問題,但風味先決。
以下是包含大量自己的想像與推論,
咖啡烘焙過程中,高溫、高壓,生豆內的化學物質交互、接續的反應,
把咖啡豆中佔比最高的纖維質、木質素等,最後成為咖啡渣的那些,定義為肉體。
把化學反應產生的香氣、風味想定義成咖啡的靈魂。
我認為化學反應只要條件到了,它就會迅速反應,接著轉變成梅納汀、焦糖。
若是風味先決,也就是不管肉體的成長進度,靈魂熟成就收割。
掯,怎麼有點蘿莉控的感覺,請不要打給FBI,謝謝。
總之,實際烘下來的感覺是,只有體積小、硬度高的豆子,
能在有熟的前提下,烘出發展不足的成品。
之前妲娜拉也是體積小、高海拔,成品就一點點硬,
這次露西藝伎水洗剛好體積、豆種、海拔全都命中,所以就硬得不得了。
當然,也有可能是豆子大顆一點,就沒辦法跑這麼快還有熟,
自然就會跑慢,也就不會有跑太快導致烘焙發展不足的結果。
也有可能跟玻璃態、橡膠態的轉變,以及升溫夠快的時候,
可能表層已經變玻璃態了,內層想膨脹卻被框住,導致澎不起來。
--
有人手磨磨不動,也有電磨卡住、燒保險絲。
回歸到我烘豆追求的目標,有熟、不苦、不澀。
烘完隔天杯測的時候,上述三項都有達成。
但是豆子很硬是事實,有科學精神的朋友提供了一些線索。
https://imgur.com/uHs9pHZ.jpg
https://imgur.com/Zci6UTY.jpg
都是露西藝伎水洗,
最右邊那顆是我烘的,其他兩顆是其它兩位賣家烘的。
看起來我烘的顏色最淺,因此判斷是發展期(DTR)太短。
後來再烘一鍋實驗,單純拉長發展期到12%。
https://imgur.com/jvLFOPx.jpg
原本的參數是DTR 8~10%左右,下稱鑽石露西。
https://imgur.com/knvkdNR.jpg
由下圖可以看出來,左邊是原本參數,右邊拉長DTR,顏色變深。
https://imgur.com/d36Jh5o.jpg
拉長DTR手磨還是滿硬的,但是風味比較像咖啡。
我自己則是比較喜歡左邊的風味,比較不像咖啡。
拉長DTR那一鍋,雖然整體烘焙時間只有五分多鐘,但還是比較黑。
ps:上面說的發展期DTR,跟下面說的烘焙發展,是完全不同的兩件事。
DTR指的是一爆之後到下豆的這段時間,占整體烘焙時間的比例。
舉例來說,從入豆到下豆是10分鐘,烘到第8分鐘的時候一爆,DTR為20%。
拉長DTR並未明顯克服豆子很硬的問題,
上網爬文也找不到答案,可能下錯關鍵字,也可能是烘豆相關文章本來就很少。
只好翻書,在Scott Rao的第二本烘豆書找到線索。
https://imgur.com/o8JffLw.jpg
雖然只有短短一頁的篇幅,但描述的狀況很類似。
Scott認為解方是「拉長整體烘焙時間」。
也有在全息烘焙法這本書中,找到相關段落。
https://imgur.com/GfrfTvR.jpg
後來略為拉長整體烘焙時間到七分鐘,DTR 10%。
https://imgur.com/bX81E4x.jpg
手磨確實有比較軟一點,就把樣品寄出給購買鑽石露西的朋友比較。
得到的回饋是,硬度確實是有改善,但比較喜歡鑽石露西的風味 #MeToo。
為什麼整體烘焙時間6:30跟7:15,豆子的體積跟硬度會有能感受到的差異?
烘焙發展不足(underdeveloped)也被認為是一種烘焙瑕疵。
它確實有豆子很硬,而且很難萃取的問題,但風味先決。
以下是包含大量自己的想像與推論,
咖啡烘焙過程中,高溫、高壓,生豆內的化學物質交互、接續的反應,
把咖啡豆中佔比最高的纖維質、木質素等,最後成為咖啡渣的那些,定義為肉體。
把化學反應產生的香氣、風味想定義成咖啡的靈魂。
我認為化學反應只要條件到了,它就會迅速反應,接著轉變成梅納汀、焦糖。
若是風味先決,也就是不管肉體的成長進度,靈魂熟成就收割。
掯,怎麼有點蘿莉控的感覺,請不要打給FBI,謝謝。
總之,實際烘下來的感覺是,只有體積小、硬度高的豆子,
能在有熟的前提下,烘出發展不足的成品。
之前妲娜拉也是體積小、高海拔,成品就一點點硬,
這次露西藝伎水洗剛好體積、豆種、海拔全都命中,所以就硬得不得了。
當然,也有可能是豆子大顆一點,就沒辦法跑這麼快還有熟,
自然就會跑慢,也就不會有跑太快導致烘焙發展不足的結果。
也有可能跟玻璃態、橡膠態的轉變,以及升溫夠快的時候,
可能表層已經變玻璃態了,內層想膨脹卻被框住,導致澎不起來。
--
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